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thedrifter
07-22-08, 07:02 AM
New chutes get high marks from Marines in Iraq
MMP versatile, easier to use, jumpers say after training in Iraq

By Cindy Fisher, Stars and Stripes
Mideast edition, Tuesday, July 22, 2008

AL ASAD, Iraq — The Marine Corps’ newest parachute was used for the first time in Iraq last week during a five-day training program of progressively more difficult jumps. Officials say testing the gear in a war zone makes perfect sense.

The multimission parachute system, which the Corps had been testing for about two years, is replacing the MC-5 static line/free-fall ram air parachute system, said Master Sgt. Monroe Stueber, operations chief of the 3rd Reconnaissance Battalion.

More than 20 jumpers with 3rd Recon participated in the day and night static line jumps from 5,500 feet and higher, and free fall jumps from 10,000 feet, using the multimission parachute system.

This was also the first time that static line and free fall jumps had been done together, Gunnery Sgt. Marc Hogue, 39, a 3rd Recon jump master from Tempe, Ariz., said Thursday.

The successful completion of this training package "opens a lot of doors for recon battalions to do this outside the wire in Iraq," said Stueber, 45, of Jacksonville, N.C.

Convoying to various locations in Iraq has, in the past, been problematic because of roadside dangers including bombs, he said. On the road, "the biggest threat to us is IEDs (improvised explosive devices); we can beat that by jumping," Stueber said.

Marines could also be brought in by helicopter, but parachuting is quieter, he said.

"We can cut down risks," he said. "This is another means to put somebody into a situation."

Once among the most violent areas in Iraq, Anbar province has now become one of the most quiet, so much so that the Marines could do the training here.

Marine recon units had completed some jumps in the past using the MC-5 chute, but the new chute is more versatile and more forgiving than the MC-5, Stueber said. The MC-5 parachute could be used in only two configurations, for static line jumps and for free fall jumps.

In a static line jump, the parachute release is attached to a static line in the aircraft that automatically deploys the chute when the jumper exits the plane. In free fall, a jumper leaves the plane and then hand-deploys his parachute at a certain altitude.

The new parachute can be used in four different configurations: free fall, hand-deployed with an attached pilot chute; free fall, hand-deployed with a drogue chute; double bag static line in which the bag contains a pilot chute and the main chute; and static line with a drogue chute.

Pilot and drogue chutes are auxiliary chutes used to deploy main or reserve parachutes.

"It’s an incredible piece of gear. Now instead of several different types of chutes in the paraloft, we have just one," Lt. Col. William Seely, 3rd Recon Battalion’s commander, said Wednesday.

Another improvement is that the canopy has nine cells, which gives the parachute a better lift capacity and glide, Stueber said. The MC-5 has seven.

The chute is more maneuverable, and it’s a very forgiving parachute, he said.

The 3rd Recon jumpers who used the new chute agreed that it was a vast improvement over the MC-5 parachute.

"I love the MMPS," said Petty Officer 3rd Class Andrew Warner, 25. "You can pretty much land it wherever you want to."

Stueber agreed with this assessment.

"You can really screw this thing up and still land it," he said.

Once the training package is completed, 3rd Recon hopes to do jumps outside the wire using the multimission parachute system, several battalion leaders said.

"It’s easier; it makes more sense; this is what we should be doing," Hogue told Marines after their first jump Wednesday.

Ellie

thedrifter
07-23-08, 06:48 AM
Marines And Army Get New Parachute Designs

July 23, 2008: This year, the U.S. Army and U.S. Marine Corps are both getting new parachutes. The army is getting the ATPS (Advanced Tactical Parachute System), while the marines are introducing the Multimission Parachute System. The new marine parachute is intended for use by recon and commando type operations, where the need was for a parachute that could be guided to a specific spot for landing. This new parachute enables the user to maneuver five kilometers or more (depending on the altitude jumped from) to the preferred landing zone. The marines like to use this for inserting scout teams at night. SOCOM (Special Operations Command) has long used similar chutes (rectangular in shape, rather than round, like the current marine MC-5 chute.)

The U.S. Army is replacing its half century old T-10 parachute with a new and improved model; the ATPS (Advanced Tactical Parachute System). The reason is that, in the last half century, paratroopers, and their equipment, have gotten heavier. The T-10 was designed to handle a maximum weight of 300 pounds (a paratrooper and his equipment.) In practice, the average weight is now closer to 400 pounds. This means that the troops are hitting the ground faster and harder, resulting in more injuries. Since World War II, the average injury rate for mass parachute drops has been 1.5 percent, but all that extra muscle and gear has pushed it to over two percent.

The fault was traced to the venerable T-10 chute not being able to handle larger and heavier (it's all muscle, folks) paratroopers and the more numerous bits of equipment they jump with. The 51 pound ATPS (main chute and backup) can bring over 400 pounds of paratrooper and equipment to the ground at 16 feet per second. The 44 pound T-10 could bring 300 pounds down at 23 feet per second. When the T-10 was dealing with more weight, it came down faster, causing more injuries. The ATPS, when deployed has a diameter 14 percent greater than that of the T-10, with 28 percent more surface area. The ATPS harness is more reliable and comfortable. Operational testing of the ATPS has been underway for three years, and the new chute will have completely replaced the T-10 in six years.

The new marine chute also takes advantage of the new parachute technology, in the same way the ATPS does. Thus reducing hard drops, for marines landing with a heavy load of weapons and equipment. The new marine chute has been in testing for two years, but has been getting more tests, and some actual use, in Iraq.

Ellie