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thedrifter
08-20-08, 06:42 AM
Over Here, Over There
By Mark Tooley
Published 8/20/2008 12:07:51 AM

It's the perfect stage on which America's last World War I veteran is living his final years. Frank Buckles, age 107, lives in a 248-year-old farm house on a hill overlooking 355 acres of rolling West Virginia farmland. Below his front porch is the still active rail line that has linked Washington, D.C. with Pittsburgh and the Midwest since the 1840s, on which Union troops were rushed to defend the nation's capital.

Buckles' ancestors came to the area outside what is now Charlestown, West Virginia, in the early 1700s. His home was built in the English colony of Virginia during the French and Indian War and doubtless its stone walls could have withstood an attack. A caregiver greets visitors on the porch, and motions them through the ancient door through a center hall to the back study, where a very alert Buckles sits up straight in his chair. He is surrounded by his books, memorabilia, and photos, including a recent picture of his visit with President Bush. A West Virginia license plate for World War I veterans hangs on the wall. Buckles did not abandon driving until age 102, and the plate is surely the last issued by any state.

When still driving, his arrivals at the local veterans hospital for check-ups were said to have aroused both excitement and bemused alarm. Buckles might have retained his car longer, and gone on using his tractor, had his daughter not interceded. Susannah Flanagan and her husband moved into her father's house several years after her mother died. There were then still several hundred American WWI veterans alive, and she probably had not expected that her father would become a celebrity, and that she would become his public relations director. Early this year, Buckles officially became the last American survivor out of over 4 million who served in 1917-1918. He is now host to a constant stream of visitors that include public officials, journalists, tourists and history buffs.

"Don't worry about tiring him out, he'll tire you out!" a gracious Susannah assures a half dozen visitors on a Sunday afternoon. She passes out a biographic brochure about her father and encourages everyone to sign guest book. An entry from May 2008 includes a signature by George Will, whose national column about Buckles appeared on Memorial Day. That weekend, Buckles was flown in a private jet to Kansas City to dedicate the National World War I Museum. Over the July 4 weekend, Buckles was flown to Mount Rushmore for another ceremony. His travel schedule for the reminder of this year is quiet.

Comfortably clad in sweat pants and a sweater, Buckles at first speaks in a slow, soft monotone. But gathering steam, his voice grows in strength as he recounts stories over 90 minutes. He grew up in Missouri and Oklahoma, joined the army at age 16 by fudging his age, went to England and then France as an ambulance driver, having crossed the Atlantic on the Carpathia, the ship that rescued the Titanic survivors. Buckles never saw combat but did escort German prisoners of war back into Germany after the war. Upon returning to Oklahoma, he attended a reception for the supreme WWI U.S. commander, General Pershing, who recognized from Buckles' accent that they were both Missouri natives.

Buckles served in the merchant marine and was interned by the Japanese in the Philippines for three years. Although loquacious about his WWI experiences, he declines to elaborate about his experiences under the Japanese. His camp was dramatically liberated by U.S. forces in early 1945. Buckles went to California after WWII, married a woman 18 years younger than himself, and then relocated to his current farm in Jefferson County, West Virginia. He fathered his only child, Susannah, when in his 50s. Always physically fit and mentally active, his good health and many years are no surprise. When asked about a report on Wikipedia that his least favorite president is William McKinley, Buckles insists that is incorrect, since he was only 6 months old when McKinley died and never had reason for a strong opinion. He confirms his admiration of Ronald Reagan and notes his fascination with Teddy Roosevelt. Buckles worked for Kermit Roosevelt, TR's son, who ran a steamship line between the wars, and Buckles met much of the Roosevelt family. He insists that TR's branch of the Roosevelts pronounced their last name to rhyme with "shoe," while FDR's branch rhymed Roosevelt with "show."

George W. Bush is the only American president whom Buckles has met, though he did receive a medal from French President Jacques Chirac. While at the White House in March, Buckles at first did not recognize the President. A voracious reader, his eyesight is good, but he almost never watches television. He has read newspapers since his boyhood, which helped to inspire his eager enlistment for WWI. Still savvy, Buckles carefully avoids controversial political comments in his media interviews. The war in which Buckles served ended nearly 90 years ago, and he is one of only about a dozen confirmed surviving veterans out of 60 million who served worldwide. All of the survivors are from the Allied side, the last Central Powers veteran, an Austrian, having died in May. The oldest living veteran is a 112-year-old Englishman. The United States was the last major power to enter WWI, its late entrance serving as the final impetus for Allied victory after four years of trench warfare gridlock. Agile and serene on his bucolic and historic farm, Corporal Buckles may likewise become that war's final survivor.

Ellie

thedrifter
08-20-08, 06:42 AM
The Last Doughboy

By George F. Will
Sunday, May 25, 2008; B07


CHARLES TOWN, W.Va. -- Numbers come precisely from the agile mind and nimble tongue of Frank Buckles, who seems bemused to say that 4,734,991 Americans served in the military during America's involvement in the First World War and that 4,734,990 are gone. He is feeling fine, thank you for asking.

The eyes of the last doughboy are still sharp enough for him to be a keen reader, and his voice is still deep and strong at age 107. He must have been a fine broth of a boy when, at 16, persistence paid off and he found, in Oklahoma City, an Army recruiter who believed, or pretended to, the fibs he had unavailingly told to Marine and Navy recruiters in Kansas about being 18. He grew up on a Missouri farm, not far from where two eminent generals were born -- John "Black Jack" Pershing and Omar Bradley.

"Boys in the country," says Buckles, "read the papers," so he was eager to get into the fight over there. He was told that the quickest way was to train for casualty retrieval and ambulance operations. Soon he was headed for England aboard the passenger ship Carpathia, which was celebrated for having, five years earlier, rescued survivors from the Titanic.

Buckles never saw combat, but "I saw the results." He seems vague about only one thing: What was the First World War about?

Before leaving England for France, he was stationed near Winchester College, where he noticed "Buckles" among the names that boys had carved in their desks. This ignited his interest in genealogy, which led him to discover that his ancestor Robert Buckles, born in Yorkshire on May 15, 1702, arrived at age 30 in what is now West Virginia.

After Cpl. Buckles was mustered out of the Army in 1920 with $143.90 in his pocket, he went to business school in Oklahoma City for five months, then rented a typewriter for $3 a month and sent out job applications. One landed him work in the steamship business, which took him around the world -- Latin America, China, Manchuria. And Germany, where, he says, in 1928 "two impressive gentlemen" told him, "We are preparing for another war."

Behind glass in a cabinet in his small sitting room are mementos from his eventful life: a German army belt with a buckle bearing words all nations believe, "Gott Mit Uns" (God Is With Us). The tin cup from which he ate all his meals, such as they were, during the 39 months he was a prisoner of the Japanese -- because he was working for a shipping company in Manila on Dec. 7, 1941.

Widowed in 1999, this man who was born during the administration of the 25th president recently voted in West Virginia's primary to select a candidate to be the 44th. His favorite president of his lifetime? The oldest, Ronald Reagan.

Buckles is reading David McCullough's "1776." That date is just 18 years more distant from his birth than today is.

This Memorial Day, Buckles will be feted back in Missouri, at the annual parade and fireworks in Kansas City. Perhaps he will journey to Bethany, to the house on whose porch he sat at age 3, 104 years ago.

He was born in February 1901, seven months before President William McKinley was assassinated. If Buckles had been born 14 months earlier, he would have lived in three centuries. He has lived through 46 percent of the nation's life, a percentage that rises each morning when he does.

On June 28, 1914, an assassin's bullet in Sarajevo killed the heir to the throne of the Austro-Hungarian empire. The war that followed took more than 116,000 American lives -- more than all of America's wars after the Second World War. And in a sense, the First World War took many more American lives because it led to the Second World War and beyond.

The First World War is still taking American lives because it destroyed the Austro-Hungarian, Romanoff and Ottoman empires. A shard of the latter is called Iraq.

The 20th century's winds of war blew billions of ordinary people hither and yon. One of them sits here in a cardigan sweater in an old wood and stone house on a rise on a 330-acre cattle farm. In this case, and probably in every case, the word "ordinary" is inappropriate.

georgewill@washpost.com

Ellie